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Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences
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COMPARISON BETWEEN CABINET DECREE AND PRESIDENTIAL DECREE

Authors: DOĞAN, Bayram; GEYİK, Ali Fuat; BOZKURT, Emine Esra;

COMPARISON BETWEEN CABINET DECREE AND PRESIDENTIAL DECREE

Abstract

21 Ocak 2017 tarihinde çıkarılan 6771 sayılı Kanun’la yapılan Anayasa değişikliği, 16 Nisan 2017 de yapılan referandum ile onaylanmıştır. Anılan Anayasa değişikliği 9 Temmuz 2018 de bütünüyle yürürlüğe girmiştir. Bu değişiklik sonucu Türkiye’de uygulanmakta olan rasyonelleştirilmiş parlamenter sistem yerini “Cumhurbaşkanlığı hükümet sistemi” olarak isimlendirilen başkanlık sistemine de benzeyen ancak kendine özgü yeni bir sisteme bırakmıştır. Bu yeni sistemin getirmiş olduğu en önemli değişikliklerden biri Cumhurbaşkanına doğrudan Anayasa ile Cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesi çıkarma yetkisinin verilmesi olmuştur. Verilen bu yetki ile yürütme organı güçlendirilerek “asli düzenleme yetkisine” kavuşmuş, Cumhurbaşkanı “ilk elden” kararname çıkarabilir hâle gelmiştir. Bu yetki kapsamında Cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamesi çıkarılırken, Cumhurbaşkanına yasama organınca verilecek “yetki kanununa” gerek duyulmaksızın ve re’sen düzenleyici işlem niteliğinde norm ihdas etme gücü verilmiştir. Oysa anılan değişiklik öncesi, norm niteliğinde kural koyma yetkisi sadece kolektif sorumluluğu olan ve tali yetki kapsamında Bakanlar Kurulu’na aitti. Ancak Bakanlar Kurulu’nun bu yetki kapsamında çıkardığı kanun hükmünde kararnameler TBMM’den alınacak bir “yetki kanununa” bağlı olarak çıkarılabilmekteydi. Anılan değişiklikle kanun hükmünde kararname kaldırılmış olup, yerine Cumhurbaşkanına geniş haklar tanıyan kararname çıkarma yetkisi verilmiştir.Bu çalışmanın amacı 16 Nisan 2017 Anayasa değişikliği ile kaldırılmış olan kanun hükmünde kararnameler (KHK) ile yeni dönem Cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamelerinin (CBK) karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu bağlamda CBK ile KHK karşılaştırılması çerçevesinde; CBK ve KHK’yı çıkaran organ, asli ve tali yetki ayrımı, CBK ve KHK’nın düzenleme alanı, Olağanüstü Hâl (OHAL) CBK- OHAL KHK’larının karşılaştırılması ve en nihayetinde hem olağan dönem hem de OHAL CBK ve KHK’larının yargısal denetimleri ele alınacaktır.

The Constitutional amendment, made with the Law No. 6771 enacted on 21 January 2017, was approved by the referendum held on 16 April 2017. After the amendment the rationalized parliamentary system, which was applied in Turkey, was replaced by the “Turkish Presidential System”. One of the most important changes is Presidential Decree power given to President. With this given authority, the executive body has been strengthened and attained the “primary regulatory power”. When a Presidency Decree is issued within this authority, the need for “authorization law” to be given by Parliament is abolished and law-making power is given as a self-regulatory process. Whereas before the amendment, law making power belonged only to the Council of Ministers, which had collective responsibility and secondary authority. However, the power to issue Statutory Decree held by the Council of Ministers was dependent on “authorization law” given by the Parliament.The purpose of this study is to compare the Statutory Decrees, which were abolished with the Constitutional amendment of 16 April 2017, with the new Presidential Decrees. In this context, in the framework of comparing Presidential Decree and Statutory Decree; The body that issues the Presidential Decree and the Statutory Decree, the separation of primary and secondary authority, the regulatory area of the Presidential Decree and the Statutory Decree, the comparison of Presidential Decree and Statutory Decree in the State of Emergency and ultimately the judicial review of both the ordinary period and the State of Emergency for both decrees will be discussed.

Keywords

Hukuk, Presidential Decrees;Statutory Decrees;Primary Authority;Enabling Statute;Regulatory Procedures., Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnameleri;Kanun Hükmünde Kararnameler;Asli Yetki;Yetki Kanunu;Düzenleyici İşlemler., Law in Context

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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