Much progress had been made in defining BVDV in molecular terms. While this information has been useful in some aspects of BVDV pathogenesis, this information has not led to a significant decrease in concern expressed by practitioners regarding prevention and control of BVDV-induced disease. There are several factors which contribute to this continued uneasiness, but a major contributor may be the inability of research personnel to deliver a clear and concise message concerning BVDV. The most important aspect of control of BVDV is the prevention of the generation of persistently infected animals. Management is a significant factor and the management of heifers may be the most overlooked problem in BVDV control programs.