Child Labour, Education and Export Performance
Copyright policy )Child Labour, Education and Export Performance
The paper uses a gravity trade model to estimate the effects of child labour and education on exports for the 1993 to 1999 period, evaluating total exports, total manufacturing exports and manufacturing exports broken down by labour and skill intensity of production using four different classifications of industries. The model includes data for up to 162 countries, double that of prior studies, and employs several indicators of child labour (the economic activity rate of ten to fourteen year olds and secondary education non-enrollment rates) and education (average years of educational attainment and literacy rates). This paper provides robust statistical evidence that child labour is bad and education is good for exports, including for unskilled labour-intensive manufacturing exports for which results are generally similar to total manufacturing exports. These findings hold for both full samples of developed and developing countries and for samples including only developing countries as exporters.
- International Labour Organization Switzerland
export, child labour, educational level, literacy, secondary education, manufacturing, developed countries, developing countries, capital intensive, labour intensive employment, exportation, travail des enfants, niveau d'enseignement, alphabétisation, enseignement secondaire, industries manufacturières, pays développés, pays en développement, forte intensité de capital, emploi à forte intensité de main-d'oeuvre, exportación, trabajo infantil, nivel educativo, alfabetización, enseñanza secundaria, industrias manufactureras, países desarrollados, países en desarrollo, alto coeficiente de capital, empleo con alto coeficiente de mano de obra
export, child labour, educational level, literacy, secondary education, manufacturing, developed countries, developing countries, capital intensive, labour intensive employment, exportation, travail des enfants, niveau d'enseignement, alphabétisation, enseignement secondaire, industries manufacturières, pays développés, pays en développement, forte intensité de capital, emploi à forte intensité de main-d'oeuvre, exportación, trabajo infantil, nivel educativo, alfabetización, enseñanza secundaria, industrias manufactureras, países desarrollados, países en desarrollo, alto coeficiente de capital, empleo con alto coeficiente de mano de obra
selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources.This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).0 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Average influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Average
Citations provided by BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!