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Analytical Modeling of the Maximum Power Point in Partially Shaded Total Cross Tied Photovoltaic Arrays

Authors: Alfredo Sanchez; Jose Tirado; Serguei Maximov;

Analytical Modeling of the Maximum Power Point in Partially Shaded Total Cross Tied Photovoltaic Arrays

Abstract

Partial shading significantly impacts photovoltaic (PV) array performance, complicating design, efficiency optimization, and climate-specific simulations. Accurately predicting the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under uneven irradiance requires solving coupled nonlinear equations-typically via computationally intensive numerical methods prone to divergence. To address this challenge, this work proposes an explicit analytical model for I-V curve calculation in Total Cross-Tie (TCT) configurations. This approach is computationally efficient and avoids numerical complexities. A parameterized model is derived using asymptotic methods, requiring only two measured points on the I-V curve. For the maximum power point (MPP), the proposed model necessitates solving an implicit equation; to address this issue, an analytical approximate solution is developed. The resulting closed-form expressions enable efficient simulation of I-V and P-V characteristics under partial shading and provide a fast analytical approximation of the global MPP in TCT arrays, making the proposed approach particularly suitable for system-level analysis, performance evaluation, and maximum power point tracking applications. The analytical formulas presented show an absolute percentage error (APE) ranging from 1.486% to 0.0014% for the power at the MPP, P mpp , in the TCT configuration.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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