<span> <p><span>Constitutionalism in India is a multifaceted doctrine that transcends the mere existence of a written document to encompass a profound commitment to the rule of law, limited government, and social justice. While a constitution outlines the framework of governance, constitutionalism represents the spirit and values that prevent the exercise of arbitrary power. In the Indian republic, this concept is uniquely tied to a transformative mandate, aimed at dismantling centuries of entrenched social hierarchies and colonial legacies. The Indian Constitution is often described as a "seamless web" or a "moral autobiography," reflecting the nation’s aspirations for liberty, equality, and fraternity.</span><span><span>1</span></span></p> <p><span>The essence of Indian constitutionalism lies in its adaptability. It is not a static set of rules but a living organism that evolves through judicial interpretation and societal change. The "principled distance" model of secularism, the "quasi-federal" structure of Union-State relations, and the "transformative" nature of the judiciary all serve as pillars of this unique constitutional identity.</span><span><span>3</span></span><span> The following report provides an exhaustive literature review of the seminal works, empirical trends, and emerging themes that define constitutionalism in India today.</span></p> <div> <span><br></span> </div></span>