Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
addClaim

Liquidity Adjusted Value-at-Risk Based on the Components of the Bid-ask Spread

Authors: Timotheos Angelidis; Alexander V. Benos;

Liquidity Adjusted Value-at-Risk Based on the Components of the Bid-ask Spread

Abstract

This paper proposes a method of calculating a Liquidity Adjusted Value-at-Risk (L-VaR) measure. The traditional approaches that have been implemented assume that the financial markets are perfect and hence an investor can either buy or sell any amount of stock without causing significant price changes. However, this conjecture is not a realist one as most of the markets, especially the emerging ones, are illiquid. In the attempt to create a L-VaR measure that accounts for the spread variation, we estimate the components of the bid-ask spread in order to calculate accurately both the endogenous and the exogenous liquidity risk. Under the new framework, the liquidation price of a position will not be the midpoint of the spread, but at least the bid price and therefore the calculated Value-at-Risk number will be more realistic. We extend the Madhavan et al. (1997) model by incorporating the traded volume and find out that both the adverse selection component and the L-VaR measure exhibit a U-shape pattern throughout the day, while the percent of risk that is attributed to liquidity displays an inverse U-shape pattern. Finally, at higher confidence level, the liquidity component of the high-priced, high-capitalization stocks represents 3.40% of the total market risk, while for the low capitalization securities it equals to 11% and therefore cannot be neglected.

Related Organizations
  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    4
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Average
Average
Upload OA version
Are you the author of this publication? Upload your Open Access version to Zenodo!
It’s fast and easy, just two clicks!