
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.6497410
The performance-based design methodology requires accurately estimating the structural demands. For this reason, the relationship between the structural demands and the characteristics of the ground motions has been an attractive topic in earthquake engineering. Therefore, the engineering characteristics of the near-fault ground motion come into prominence for accurately estimating structural performance in near-fault sites. In this study, three engineering characteristics of the near-fault pulse-like ground motions are presented using a large number of ground motions. The first characteristic is the relationship between the spectral transition periods, the periods between the acceleration- and velocity-sensitive regions, the velocity- and displacement-sensitive regions, and the pulse durations. It is shown that the pulse period is highly correlated with the transition period of the acceleration- and velocity-sensitive regions. Additionally, the relationships between the transition periods and some intensity measures (such as the velocity-to-acceleration ratio and displacement-to-velocity ratios) is presented for near-fault pulse-like, near-fault non-pulse, and far-field ground motions. Further, a simple equation is obtained to estimate the transition periods. The second engineering characteristic of near-fault pulse-like ground motions is the inelastic deformation ratio, defined as the ratio of inelastic to elastic displacement for single-degree-of-freedom systems. It is shown that the inelastic deformation ratio is predictable when the periods are normalized with the pulse duration. Thus, an equation is obtained to estimate the inelastic deformation ratio. The last characteristic is the response modification factor. This factor is shown to be considerably low in the acceleration-sensitive region and high in the velocity-sensitive region. Also, a previously given equation is modified to estimate the response-modification factor.
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