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Bank Fees and Household Financial Well-Being

Authors: Michaela Pagel; Sharada Sridhar; Emily Williams;

Bank Fees and Household Financial Well-Being

Abstract

In this study, we examine policy changes from large U.S. banks between 2017 and 2022, which eliminated non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees and relaxed overdraft policies. Using individual transaction-level data, we find that the elimination of NSF fees, not surprisingly, resulted in immediate reductions in NSF charges across the income distribution. However, relaxing overdraft policies resulted in reductions in overdraft fees only for wealthier households, along the dimensions of income and liquidity, and only those enjoyed subsequent declines in late fees, interest payments, account maintenance fees, and the use of alternative financial services, such as payday loans. Our results thus suggest that the policy changes were not substantial enough to significantly reduce the financial stress of the more vulnerable households. As our setting features multiple treatments and variation in treatment intensities, we theoretically motivate and empirically implement a new stacked event study estimator closely related to de Chaisemartin et al (2024) to address the biases arising from staggered DID specifications.<br><br>Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at <a href="http://www.nber.org/papers/&#119;34993" TARGET="_blank">www.nber.org</a>.<br>

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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