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Comparing Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms for Evolving Defensive Agents in a Cyber Operations Challenge

Authors: Yuxuan Wang; Nur Zincir-Heywood; Malcolm Heywood;

Comparing Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms for Evolving Defensive Agents in a Cyber Operations Challenge

Abstract

The CAGE Challenge 2 simulation environment provides a framework for comparing methods for autonomous cyber defence with deceptive actions. Current state-of-the-art solutions typically take the form of some form of deep reinforcement learning. In this work, we show that defensive team knowledge about the network architecture can be used to define likely attack vectors. We show that this information can be used to define an initial policy heuristic (state--action pairs) that is then optimized by either an evolutionary strategy (ES) or a learning classifier system (LCS). The ES solution optimizes actions whereas the LCS uses the policy heuristic to periodically re-seed the match set. Under the ES approach, performance is typically better than the state-of-the-art whereas the LCS benefits from the use of the re-seeding approach when facing less direct opponents.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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