Variable domains of new antigen receptors (VNARs) derived from shark immunoglobulin new antigen receptors (IgNARs) have gained attention as promising single-domain antibody modalities owing to their compact structure, structural stability, and unique binding capabilities. This study aimed to present a novel approach for VNAR discovery using a synthetic library based on IgNARs derived from brownbanded bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium punctatum), and screening using a complementary DNA (cDNA) display system. A synthetic VNAR library was constructed by randomizing the CDR1 and CDR3 loops, resulting in genetic diversity of approximately 1012 sequences in the cDNA display format. Using fluorescent proteins as model antigens, in vitro selection was performed, followed by next-generation sequencing and biochemical validation. VNAR-E1 and VNAR-N1 were identified for EGFP and mNeonGreen, respectively. These results demonstrate the applicability of the cDNA display system for VNAR selection, offering advantages in terms of library diversity, selection speed, and animal-free screening.