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CRUD deposition behavior in supercritical water: Investigation on the effect of materials and Fe/Ni ratios

Authors: Zilun ZENG; Han LIU; Zirui GUO; ZhongLiang Zhu; Naiqiang Zhang; Hong Xu;

CRUD deposition behavior in supercritical water: Investigation on the effect of materials and Fe/Ni ratios

Abstract

Corrosion product (Chalk River unidentified deposit, CRUD) deposition behavior is studied for different Fe/Ni ratios and different materials. Validations are performed using real world industrial samples operated for 40,000 h under similar conditions to those in supercritical water reactors. The results indicate that the CRUD layer primarily consists of multiple particulate layers. The experiments with Fe/Ni ratios of 1:0, 1:1, and 0:1 all exhibit a dense base layer of thickness approximately 0.1 μm. The average particle size in the 1:1 Fe:Ni ratio increases with increase in the temperature, while the particle sizes in the other single-component systems decrease with increase in the temperature. The CRUD layer on the 321 surface is thinner and discontinuous, with the lowest endpoint temperature and a reduction of approximately 90% in the CRUD particle mass, and Ni ions behavior show distinct behavioral characteristics. This study indicates that the anti-CRUD performance is primarily influenced by the contact angle, with limited effects from electrical double-layer forces and van der Waals forces on CRUD particles, owing to the unique properties of supercritical water. This research contributes to understanding CRUD behavior in supercritical water and provides new insights for supercritical water reactors.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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