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Engineering a Dendrite-Free Interface in Polymeric Deep Eutectic Electrolytes for Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Batteries

Authors: Yi-fan Zhao; Haiyang Wang; Chen Wang; Lin Li;

Engineering a Dendrite-Free Interface in Polymeric Deep Eutectic Electrolytes for Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Batteries

Abstract

The implementation of succinonitrile (SN)-based polymeric deep eutectic electrolytes (SN-PDEEs) in sodium metal batteries remains challenging due to the high reactivity of sodium metal, which leads to severe interfacial instability between the electrolyte and anode. Herein, we develop a novel PDEE system by synergistically integrating polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) with fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) to achieve substantially improved interfacial compatibility. The cross-linked PEGDA network physically confines SN molecules, while FEC preferentially decomposes to construct a robust, fluorine-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), as unambiguously evidenced by XPS depth profiling which shows intense NaF signals and FEC-derived -CHF-OCO₂- species while suppressing SN reduction. The optimized PDEE exhibits a commendable ionic conductivity of 0.76 mS cm⁻¹ and a high sodium ion transference number of 0.72. The P-5%F-PDEE endows the symmetric Na/Na cell with a small polarized potential and outstanding long-term cycling performance over 800 hours at 25 °C. When assembled in an Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (NVP)||Na cell, it maintains 92% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. Moreover, in an Na₃V₂(PO₄)₂F₃ (NVPF)||Na configuration cycled at 0.2 C with a high cut-off voltage of 4.2 V, possessing 89.4% capacity retention after 100 cycles. This work provides an effective synergistic strategy approach to improve the interfacial stability of PDEEs for dendrite free sodium metal batteries.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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