Participation in WTO Dispute Settlement: Complainants, Interested Parties and Free Riders
Copyright policy )Participation in WTO Dispute Settlement: Complainants, Interested Parties and Free Riders
What affects a country's decision of whether to formally engage in a trade dispute directly related to its exporting interests? This article empirically examines determinants of affected country participation decisions in formal trade litigation arising under the World Trade Organization (WTO) between 1995 and 2000. It investigates determinants of nonparticipation and examines whether the incentives generated by the system's rules and procedures discourage active engagement in dispute settlement by developing country members in particular. Though the size of exports at stake is found to be an important economic determinant affecting the decision to participate in challenges to a WTO-inconsistent policy, the evidence also shows that measures of a country's retaliatory and legal capacity as well as its international political economy relationships matter. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of an implicit 'institutional bias' generated by the system's rules and incentives that particularly affects developing economy participation in dispute settlement.
- World Bank United States
- Peterson Institute for International Economics United States
- Brandeis University United States
TRADE LIBERALIZATION, CUSTOMS, MARKET ACCESS, FREE RIDERS, CUSTOMS UNION, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, WORLD TRADE, ANTIDUMPING PETITIONS, ANTIDUMPING MEASURES, MOST FAVORED NATION, TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM, TERMS OF TRADE, MARGINAL EFFECTS, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT, FEDERAL RESERVE, TARIFF RATE QUOTA, AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS, CONTINUED DUMPING, TARIFF RATE, TRADE PREFERENCES, TRADE BARRIER, SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, PANEL STAGE, WORLD TRADING SYSTEM, TRADE DATA, ECONOMIC RELATIONS, REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS, TRADE POLICY, WITHDRAWAL, EXPORTING COUNTRY, IMPORT DATA, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, TRANSPARENCY, 330, EXPORT PROMOTION, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BODY, PANEL DECISIONS, DISPUTE ° ¨ SETTLEMENT SYSTEM, AUCTION, ECONOMICS RESEARCH, EXPORTERS, FEDERAL RESERVE BANK, GLOBAL ECONOMY, FIXED COST, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS, IMPORT PROTECTION, DISPUTE RESOLUTION, WORLD PRICES, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PANEL, EXPORTER, DISPUTE ° ¨ SETTLEMENT, TRANSPARENT RULES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, DUMMY VARIABLE, TARIFF DATA, MARKET DIVERSIFICATION, TRADE POLICY REVIEW, TRADE POLICIES, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, LEGAL ISSUES, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENT, MULTILATERAL TRADE, POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES, PANEL PROCESS, PANEL REPORT, PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS, GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, FREE TRADE, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES, SPECIAL TREATMENT, FUTURE RESEARCH, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM, TRADE RETALIATION, WTO, GDP, FREE TRADE AREA, REGIONAL TRADE, POLITICAL ECONOMY, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCESS, EUROPEAN UNION, IMPORTED PRODUCTS, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS, TRADE DISPUTE, EXPORTS, ECONOMIC OUTCOMES, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, LEGAL ASSISTANCE, ANTIDUMPING, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, TRADE CONCESSIONS, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURE, REMEDIES, ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS, TRADE DISPUTES, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS, TRADE FLOWS, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, VALUE OF TRADE, LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, IMPORTING COUNTRIES, DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESS, URUGUAY ROUND, INTERNATIONAL LAW, IMPORTS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INTERNATIONAL BANK, MARKET SHARE, TRADE DEFLECTION, TARIFF PROTECTION, PREFERENTIAL TRADE, TRADE REMEDIES, TRADE RESTRICTIONS, TRADING, VALUE OF EXPORTS, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS, EXPORTING COUNTRIES, CHECKS, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, SETTLEMENT NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE LIBERALIZATION, CUSTOMS, MARKET ACCESS, FREE RIDERS, CUSTOMS UNION, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, WORLD TRADE, ANTIDUMPING PETITIONS, ANTIDUMPING MEASURES, MOST FAVORED NATION, TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM, TERMS OF TRADE, MARGINAL EFFECTS, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT, FEDERAL RESERVE, TARIFF RATE QUOTA, AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS, CONTINUED DUMPING, TARIFF RATE, TRADE PREFERENCES, TRADE BARRIER, SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, PANEL STAGE, WORLD TRADING SYSTEM, TRADE DATA, ECONOMIC RELATIONS, REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS, TRADE POLICY, WITHDRAWAL, EXPORTING COUNTRY, IMPORT DATA, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, TRANSPARENCY, 330, EXPORT PROMOTION, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BODY, PANEL DECISIONS, DISPUTE ° ¨ SETTLEMENT SYSTEM, AUCTION, ECONOMICS RESEARCH, EXPORTERS, FEDERAL RESERVE BANK, GLOBAL ECONOMY, FIXED COST, INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS, IMPORT PROTECTION, DISPUTE RESOLUTION, WORLD PRICES, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PANEL, EXPORTER, DISPUTE ° ¨ SETTLEMENT, TRANSPARENT RULES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, DUMMY VARIABLE, TARIFF DATA, MARKET DIVERSIFICATION, TRADE POLICY REVIEW, TRADE POLICIES, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, LEGAL ISSUES, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENT, MULTILATERAL TRADE, POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES, PANEL PROCESS, PANEL REPORT, PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS, GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, FREE TRADE, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES, SPECIAL TREATMENT, FUTURE RESEARCH, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM, TRADE RETALIATION, WTO, GDP, FREE TRADE AREA, REGIONAL TRADE, POLITICAL ECONOMY, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCESS, EUROPEAN UNION, IMPORTED PRODUCTS, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS, TRADE DISPUTE, EXPORTS, ECONOMIC OUTCOMES, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, LEGAL ASSISTANCE, ANTIDUMPING, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, TRADE CONCESSIONS, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURE, REMEDIES, ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS, TRADE DISPUTES, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS, TRADE FLOWS, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, VALUE OF TRADE, LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, IMPORTING COUNTRIES, DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCESS, URUGUAY ROUND, INTERNATIONAL LAW, IMPORTS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INTERNATIONAL BANK, MARKET SHARE, TRADE DEFLECTION, TARIFF PROTECTION, PREFERENTIAL TRADE, TRADE REMEDIES, TRADE RESTRICTIONS, TRADING, VALUE OF EXPORTS, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS, EXPORTING COUNTRIES, CHECKS, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, SETTLEMENT NEGOTIATIONS
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