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Aerospace Science and Technology
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5...
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Modeling Impact of Drones on Flat Plates

Authors: McNeill, Jay; VanDyk, Randall; Simha, C.H.M.; Dadouche, Azzedine; Backman, David; Ensan, Manouchehr Nejad; Gholipour, Javad;

Modeling Impact of Drones on Flat Plates

Abstract

Experiments on the impact of cannon-launched Phantom DJI 3 quadcopters onto 1-m square aircraft-grade aluminum flat plates (1.6 mm and 6.35 mm thick) at velocities of 130 m/s (250 knots) and 70 m/s (140 knots) are presented, and finite element modeling of the impacts is also described. Load histories at the corners of the plate, central deflection, and possible perforation of the plate are modeled and compared with experimental results. Failure of drone components was modeled, as they were significantly damaged in all of the tests. Failure of the plate was also modeled, as in the high-speed tests with thin plates, the drone perforated the plate. Predictions of the total peak load on the plates are within 20% of the experimental values and the central deflections are within 10% of the experimental values. Additionally, modal analysis reveals that the characteristic half period of 5-6 ms observed in the load histories corresponds to the natural frequencies of the structure that holds the plate in the test. Using the insights gained from the simulations, simple analytical models, wherein the components of the drone are modeled as blunt, rigid objects and the target is modeled as mass and dashpot, were developed. These yield second-order ordinary differential equations whose solutions provide rapid estimates of the peak load and deflection in all tests to within 15% of the experimental values. To estimate the threshold impact velocity to perforate the plate, an analytical model is presented. The major contributions of this article are validated work flows to develop drone finite element models that do not require extensive characterization of drone components, and simplified analytical models for rapid assessment of drone impacts.

Country
Canada
Keywords

finite element modeling, simplified modeling, drone impact

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid