
Background: Children with idiopathic toe walking present with reduced ankle mobility, impaired balance, and difficulties in motor control. There is a need to diagnose idiopathic toe walking in a holistic manner and improve the monitoring of interventions. The aim is to assess dynamic stability with measures of margin of stability and whole-body angular momentum and evaluate their clinical relevance. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study with 35 idiopathic toe walkers (23 male, mean age (SD) 10.0 (2.9) years) and 20 typically developing controls (10 male, 11.4 (2.8) years). All participants had a clinical gait analysis at the local hospital. Dynamic stability was assessed with margin of stability, whole-body angular momentum, GaitSD, and spatiotemporal gait parameters. Student t-tests with adjustments for multiple comparisons were performed. Findings: Margin of stability in anterior direction was significantly shorter (ES = 1.29) and whole-body angular momentum in the coronal plane was significantly larger (ES = 0.90) in idiopathic toe walkers compared to typically developing children. No other results were below the set threshold for significance. Interpretation: Children with idiopathic toe walking continue to use an immature, falling forward movement strategy to maintain forward momentum. It is probable that those children adopted toe walking behavior to support increased energy absorption during the initial fall. Furthermore, the addition of dynamic stability measures not only provides insight into their ability to balance, these measures also allow an understanding of the plausible strategies adopted during walking and could potentially improve diagnosis and quantification of therapeutic outcomes.
Dynamic stability, Idiopathic toe walking; Dynamic stability; Margin of stability; Falling forward strategy, Falling forward strategy, Idiopathic toe walking, Margin of stability
Dynamic stability, Idiopathic toe walking; Dynamic stability; Margin of stability; Falling forward strategy, Falling forward strategy, Idiopathic toe walking, Margin of stability
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