Abstract This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the rapidly expanding empirical literature on financial literacy and financial education. We begin by discussing the stylized facts and demographic correlates of financial literacy, highlighting key trends across different population groups. Following this, we examine the robust body of evidence on how financial literacy influences financial behaviors and outcomes, delving into various studies that illustrate these effects. Finally, we review the evidence on the causal impacts of financial education programs, with a particular focus on evaluations conducted through Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). The chapter concludes by offering perspectives on future research priorities in the fields of financial literacy and financial education, emphasizing the need for more nuanced and targeted studies to further our understanding.