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Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4...
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
DBLP
Article . 2025
Data sources: DBLP
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Directed Graph Theory for the Analysis of Biological Regulatory Networks

Authors: Martha Takane; Saúl Bernal-González; Jesús Mauro-Moreno; Gustavo García-López; Francisco F. De-Miguel;

Directed Graph Theory for the Analysis of Biological Regulatory Networks

Abstract

Synchronous regulated biological networks are often represented as logical diagrams, where the precise interactions between elements remain obscured. Here, we introduce a novel type of excitation-inhibition graph based on Boolean logic, which we term “logical directed graph” or simply, “logical digraph.” Such a logical digraph facilitates the representation of every conceivable regulatory interaction among elements, grounded in Boolean interactions. The logical digraph includes information about connectivity, dynamics, limit cycles, and attractors of the network. As proof of application, we utilized the logical digraph to analyze the operations of the well-known neural network that produces oscillatory swimming in the mollusk Tritonia. Our method enables a seamless transition between a regulatory network and its corresponding logical digraph, and vice versa. Additionally, we demonstrate that the spectral properties of the so-called state matrix provide mathematical evidence explaining why the elements within attractors and limit cycles contain information about the dynamics of the biological system. More specifically, the non-zero entries of the Perron-Frobenius eigenvector of the state matrix indicate the attractors and limit cycles of the network. We demonstrate that each connected component of the regulatory network has exactly one attractor or limit cycle. Open software routines are available for calculating the components of the network, as well as the attractors and limit cycles. This approach opens new possibilities for visualizing and analyzing regulatory networks in biology.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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