
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3952388
The autonomy of religious communities is not a valid basis for them to be freed from their obligation to observe the law prohibiting hate speech. At the same tenor, hate speech by religious ministers is equally prohibited as coming from any other public official or politician capable of influencing a large amount of people who are believers or followers. On the other hand, hate speech against religious communities should not be equal to blasphemy or defamation. The former should always be directed against persons, whereas the latter is directed against ideas, beliefs and practices. It is argued in this paper that this differentiation is possible to be done and should be done, even if in many cases it may appear to be very difficult to be done. In this sense, there is no hate speech against communities, but there can be hate speech against all members of a religious community. While prohibitions of hate speech are compatible with equal dignity as a prerequisite of free speech, blasphemy and defamation of religions are not.
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