
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3631032
Spanish Abstract: En el marco de la pandemia global causada por Covid-19 hay preocupacion de que los derechos de propiedad intelectual puedan impedir el acceso publico a los medicamentos y/o alimentos necesarios para contrarrestar la emergencia. Algunos gobiernos, han dispuesto disposiciones de licencias obligatorias para sortear estos potenciales obstaculos. Sin embargo, el analisis de la situacion no demuestra que los supuestos necesarios para la aplicacion de licencias obligatorias se hayan cumplido y, por lo tanto, no resulta justificable ni necesaria la aplicacion de estas. En sentido opuesto, el analisis indica que el sistema de derechos de propiedad intelectual constituye una concreta y eficaz herramienta para el incentivo de mas y mejores invenciones que luego pueden transferirse y convertirse en innovaciones para la solucion de tan graves problemas mediante licencias voluntarias. En un plano inclusivo, la pandemia de Covid-19 esta generando un incipiente y alentador fenomeno de “pragmatismo combinado”, en el cual los incentivos que generan los derechos de propiedad intelectual se perfeccionan a traves de la solidaridad y la subsidiariedad. Se presta especial atencion a los consorcios de investigacion y otras estructuras de open innovation. English Abstract: In the context of the global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, a concern is emerging that the exclusivities of the holders of intellectual property rights may impede public access to the medicines and / or food necessary to counter the emergency in quantity, quality and affordable prices. This is the apparent reason why some governments have put in place compulsory licensing provisions to overcome possible obstacles to intellectual property rights. The analysis of the situation at the time of writing this article does not demonstrate in any case that the assumptions necessary for the application of compulsory licenses have been met. Therefore, the application of such licenses on a product or procedure protected by an intellectual property right is not justifiable or necessary. In the opposite direction, the analysis shows that the international system of intellectual property rights constitutes a concrete and at the same time effective tool for the incentive of more and better inventions that can later be transferred and become critical innovations for the solution of such serious problems. through voluntary licenses. On an inclusive level, the COVID-19 pandemic is generating an encouraging phenomenon of “combined pragmatism”, in which the incentives generated by intellectual property rights are perfected though solidarity and subsidiarity. Open innovation is a more efficient tool.
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