This introductory text is meant to give students of tax law around the world an overview of how EU law impacts domestic taxation. While the main focus of this text concerns the interaction between the fundamental freedoms of the Internal Market and national tax legislation, other areas like the current state of European tax legislation (directives) and the role of state aid law in the field of taxation are covered as well. It is based on courses given at NYU Law School (2009) Columbia Law School (2014), University of Pennsylvania School of Law (2015), UBC Allard School of Law (2016) and Munich University Law School (2015, 2016 and 2019). The author is grateful to Caroline Heber who – given her expertise - has written Part XIV on VAT and indirect taxation.