
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3326428
Czech Abstrakt: System řeseni investicnich sporů založený na investicni arbitraži zname jako řeseni sporů investor-stat (ISDS) je předmětem znacne kritiky, zvlastě v kontextu regionalnich obchodnich a investicnich vyjednavani. V roce 2015 se Evropska unie po veřejne konzultaci a diskuzi unijnich instituci v kontextu vyjednavani o Transatlantickem obchodnim a investicnim partnerstvim (TTIP) se Spojenými staty rozhodla mechanismus ISDS ve svých dohodach nahradit novým přistupem k řeseni investicnich sporů znamý jako system investicniho soudu (ICS). Podle Evropske komise je tento nový způsob řeseni sporů nevyhnutelnou odpovědi na nedůvěru, ktera panuje vůci ISDS, a odpovida narokům kladených demokratickými zasadami a veřejným dohledem. Clanek se proto nejdřive pokusi vysvětlit změnu postoje EU a nasledně se zaměři na tři oblasti fungovani ICS, ktere poutaji nejvice pozornosti: nestrannost a nezavislost rozhodců, předvidatelnost a konzistenci rozhodovani a výkon rozhodnuti. Jejich analýzou se dospěje k celkovemu hodnoceni ICS a jeho zasazeni do sirsich snah o reformu mezinarodniho investicniho prava. English Abstract: Investment dispute settlement system based on investment arbitration and known as investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) is a subject of substantial criticism, particularly in the context of regional trade and investment negotiations. After the public consultation and inter-institutional discussions, the European Union decided in 2015 in the context of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership negotiations with the United States to replace ISDS in its treaties by a new approach to investment dispute settlement known as investment court system (ICS). According to the European Union the new dispute settlement mechanism is necessary reaction to the public’s lack of trust towards ISDS and subjects to democratic principles and public scrutiny. This article first attempts to explain the transformation of EU’s position. It then focuses on three issues of ICS functioning which draw the most attention: impartiality and independency of arbitrators, predictability and consistency in decision-making and enforcement of awards. The overall evaluation of ICS and its positioning into broader efforts to reform international investment law are reached by analysing these issues.
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