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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao zbMATH Openarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
zbMATH Open
Article . 2017
Data sources: zbMATH Open
SSRN Electronic Journal
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Measuring and Monitoring the Efficiency of Markets

Measuring and monitoring the efficiency of markets
Authors: Madan, Dilip B.; Schoutens, Wim; Wang, King;

Measuring and Monitoring the Efficiency of Markets

Abstract

Market efficiency is measured by arbitrage proximity. The level of efficiency is calibrated by extent of a distortion of probability required to neutralize the drift. Simulations of bilateral gamma models estimated from past returns deliver for each asset on each day an empirical acceptability index. The assets covered include equities, commodities, currencies, volatility and hedge fund returns. It is observed that efficiency in equity is related to the process for up moves having more frequent and smaller jumps than its down side counterpart. For commodities the situation is reversed. Volatility indices trade more efficiently than equities, commodities, or currencies. Hedge fund returns reflect lower levels of efficiency supportive of hedge funds effectively exploiting market inefficiences. The relative inefficiency of the absence of trading is noted on comparing close to open with open to close returns. Small capitalization stocks trade more efficiently than the large ones. Sector exchange traded funds trade more efficiently than the S&P 500 index. Furthermore, economic activity reflected in greater high low spreads enhance market efficiency.

Keywords

distorted expectations, Derivative securities (option pricing, hedging, etc.), bilateral gamma model, acceptable risks, escalator elevator metric, Statistical methods; risk measures

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
40
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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