Safety and security is one of the important issues involved in development of civil aviation nationally as well as internationally. There is a slight distinction between the concepts of ‘safety’ and ‘security’. Further, the growth of terrorism and terrorists using aircraft as a new tool for perpetrating terrorism is a fresh area of concern. There has to be an effective compliance with the international norms of safety and security not only with regards to the international flights but also with regards to domestic flights. There cannot be a proposition in mutual exclusivity when it comes to matters of aviation security. Moreover, the air carriers should also be responsive to the safety and security needs while they are planning the economic outcome. There needs to be a balance between the safety and security needs with that of the economic burden. The overall trend in the development of safety and security regulations in civil aviation has been good but still it is not the ultimate end. New modes of threat in the form of terrorist attacks would keep on emerging and there would always be a need to have a better oversight of these issues. This paper delves into the laws and issues relating to safety and security regulations of civil aviation.