
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2540833
Spanish Abstract: En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la profunda reforma contable llevada a cabo entre los anos 2001 y 2010 en Espana, cuyo hito mas importante fue la promulgacion del Plan General de Contabilidad revisado en 2007. Los razonamientos se hacen desde el objetivo declarado de hacer converger la normativa espanola con las Normas Internacionales de Informacion Financiera, haciendo un balance del proceso, de las consecuciones y de los problemas que se han planteado en el sistema contable espanol, que ha cambiado fuertemente su orientacion de una manera poco usual para un pais de tradicion continental europea.Como resultado del proceso, se han introducido importantes novedades en la informacion financiera de todas las empresas, que han aceptado modernizarse como una forma de participar en el proceso de internacionalizacion que caracteriza a la economia espanola, de forma que conceptos tales como la clasificacion de los instrumentos financieros, los ajustes en otro resultado integral o la contabilidad del efecto impositivo basada en el enfoque del balance son moneda comun en la practica contable.El cambio, que se gesto de una forma participativa (Libro Blanco de la contabilidad en Espana) ha preservado el instrumento de la normalizacion por excelencia, que es el Plan General de Contabilidad, a la vez que ha consolidado la independencia coordinada de los ambitos contable y fiscal. El trabajo resalta algunas deficiencias del sistema contable espanol, entre las que destaca la poca flexibilidad para posteriores cambios, ya que el Plan General de Contabilidad se concibe como un codigo de reglas interconectadas que admite con dificultad las enmiendas, que por causa del proceso administrativo para su introduccion pueden hacer que los cambios futuros se retrasen, perjudicando el objetivo de acercamiento continuo a las normas internacionales.English Abstract: This article presents some reflections on the in-depth Spanish accounting reform carried out between the years 2001 and 2010, where the more important milestone is the promulgation of the General Accounting Plan revised in 2007. Arguments are made from the stated goal of converging the Spanish standards with International Financial Reporting Standards, making a balanced review of the process, the achievements and the problems that have arisen in the Spanish accounting system, which has greatly changed its orientation in an unusual way for a country of continental Europe accounting tradition. As a result of the process, Spain has introduced huge innovations in the financial reporting of all companies which have agreed to modernize in order to participate in the internationalization process that characterizes the Spanish economy, so that concepts such as the classes of financial instruments, other comprehensive income or the deferred tax accounting based on the balance sheet approach are common accepted in accounting practice. The change, which was developed in a participatory manner (White Paper), has preserved the quintessential standardization tool, which is the General Accounting Plan, while consolidating the independence of accounting and tax rules. The paper highlights some weaknesses of the Spanish accounting system, most notably the lack of flexibility for further changes, since the General Accounting Plan is conceived as a code that supports hardly any amendments, not only because of the companies’ reluctance to change, but also for the time taken for administrative processes to introduce improvements. For that reason, changes could be delayed for the foreseeable future, harming the objective of continuous approach to international standards.
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