This paper seeks to chart recent developments in EU criminal law with particular emphasis on recent case law delivered after the entry into force of (and in the run up to) the Lisbon Treaty. It begins by setting the scene of EU criminal law post the Lisbon Treaty, by briefly sketching the main changes as provided by this Treaty. The specific focus of this paper is however the operation of mutual recognition in this area and the implications of citizenship rights as demonstrated in the Wolzenburg case. In addition, the paper cautiously looks at the notion of an ‘‘autonomous interpretation’’ of EU criminal law as implied by the Court in the recent Mantello case as well as briefly examining the IB case regarding the scope of mutual recognition in the present field.