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Taxes, Limited Liability and Leverage

Authors: Erich Pummerer; Marcel Steller;

Taxes, Limited Liability and Leverage

Abstract

We discuss the combined effects of tax convexity, limited liability and leverage on risk-taking. First, we focus on a risk-averse investor who is indifferent to equity-finance a risky asset in a pre-tax setting. We derive the after-tax marginal prices for risk-averse investors. Symmetric taxation causes an increase in marginal prices, while convex taxation causes a decrease. The negative effects of tax convexity can be overcome by debt-financing a risky project in the case of limited liability for the debtor. We develop explicit solutions for optimal leverage and show that tax convexity is a sufficient condition for a high degree of leverage. In contrast to previous literature, we explain why increasing tax-convexity will increase leverage. Second, we solve for the coefficient of risk-aversion, making a creditor indifferent to supplying the required debt-financing contract. The results indicate that analyzing tax effects separating investment and financing decisions is not useful in case of tax convexity.

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Austria
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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