
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2003094
For decades, the academic literature has focused on three survey measures of expected inflation: the Livingston Survey, the Survey of Professional Forecasters, and the Michigan Survey. While these measures have been useful in developing models of forecasting inflation, the data are low frequency measures which appear anachronistic in the modern era of high frequency and real-time data. I present a collection of 37 different measures of inflation expectations, including many previously unexploited monthly and real-time measures of inflation expectations. These higher frequency measures tend to outperform the standard three low frequency survey measures in tests of accuracy, predictive power, and rationality, indicating that there are benefits to using higher frequency measures of inflation expectations. Out of sample forecasts confirm the findings.
Inflation; expectations; surveys; households; economists; rationality; efficiency; unbiasedness; forecast accuracy; out-of-sample forecasts; Granger Causality; high-frequency data; price level; money and prices; CPI; PPI; PCE, jel: jel:C81, jel: jel:C82, jel: jel:D84, jel: jel:C42, jel: jel:C01, jel: jel:C02, jel: jel:E44, jel: jel:E00, jel: jel:D01, jel: jel:C00, jel: jel:E47, jel: jel:G00, jel: jel:E24, jel: jel:D03, jel: jel:Y40, jel: jel:C52, jel: jel:A10, jel: jel:E51, jel: jel:C53, jel: jel:C51, jel: jel:C12, jel: jel:E32, jel: jel:C13, jel: jel:E30, jel: jel:C10, jel: jel:E31, jel: jel:D10, jel: jel:E37, jel: jel:G10, jel: jel:G14, jel: jel:C19
Inflation; expectations; surveys; households; economists; rationality; efficiency; unbiasedness; forecast accuracy; out-of-sample forecasts; Granger Causality; high-frequency data; price level; money and prices; CPI; PPI; PCE, jel: jel:C81, jel: jel:C82, jel: jel:D84, jel: jel:C42, jel: jel:C01, jel: jel:C02, jel: jel:E44, jel: jel:E00, jel: jel:D01, jel: jel:C00, jel: jel:E47, jel: jel:G00, jel: jel:E24, jel: jel:D03, jel: jel:Y40, jel: jel:C52, jel: jel:A10, jel: jel:E51, jel: jel:C53, jel: jel:C51, jel: jel:C12, jel: jel:E32, jel: jel:C13, jel: jel:E30, jel: jel:C10, jel: jel:E31, jel: jel:D10, jel: jel:E37, jel: jel:G10, jel: jel:G14, jel: jel:C19
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 0 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
