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SSRN Electronic Journal
Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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Relative Pricing of Options with Stochastic Volatility

Authors: Olivier Ledoit; Pedro Santa-Clara;

Relative Pricing of Options with Stochastic Volatility

Abstract

This paper offers a new approach for pricing options on assets with stochastic volatility. We start by constructing the "surface" of Black-Scholes implied volatilities for (readily observable) liquid, European call options with varying strike prices and maturities. Then, we show that the implied volatility of an at-the-money call option with time-to-maturity going to zero is equal to the underlying asset's instantaneous (stochastic) volatility. We then model the stochastic processes followed by the implied volatilities of options of all maturities and strike prices jointly with the stock price, and find a no-arbitrage condition that their drift must satisfy. Finally, we use the resulting arbitrage-free joint process for the stock price and its volatility to price other derivatives, such as standard but illiquid options as well as exotic options using numerical methods. The great advantage of our approach is that, when pricing these other derivatives, we are secure in the knowledge that the model values the hedging instruments - namely the stock and the simple, liquid options - consistently with the market. Our approach can easily be extended to allow for stochastic interest rates and a stochastic dividend yield, which may be particularly relevant to the pricing of currency and commodity options. We can also extend our model to price bond options when the term structure of interest rates has stochastic volatility.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
35
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
bronze