Abstract : This Study was produced by the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board. It was requested by the Commander Air Force Space Command and approved by the Secretary and Chief of Staff of the Air Force. It covers three topics, each of sufficient depth to be study of its own: Space Surveillance, Asteroid and Comet Impact Warning for Earth, and Space Debris. Space Surveillance is the unifying theme. Space Surveillance is a secondary mission to that of Missile Warning and has long been neglected. Almost all sensors were deployed for missile warning and used for Space Surveillance on a non-interference basis. Attempts to improve data processing, though expensive, were upgraded to the mainframe environment, keeping most old algorithms in place. Fortunately, improving the accuracy and timeliness of the sensors and data processing is now relatively inexpensive because most techniques are commercially available. Ultimately, Space Surveillance should be conducted from spaceborne sensors. They are discussed and recommended here.