
handle: 10183/232825
Os processos hidrológicos apresentam comportamentos distintos de acordo com a escala do sistema. A escala dos processos hidrológicos pode ser discutida através de três elementos contextuais: "Disciplinar, Histórico e Conceitual" (Matriz DHC). Devido à enorme complexidade, os elementos para abordar esses contextos precisam de enfoques tanto de natureza qualitativa como quantitativa. Numa série de três artigos, este trabalho analisa os aspectos qualitativos: discreto, relativista, dominante, de complexidade, sistêmico e transdisciplinar; e oito aspectos quantitativos, que incidem nos problemas práticos de escalas hidrológicas. Quatro aspectos quantitativos são comuns às geociências: escala observacional e escala de flutuação, hierarquias escalares, transição escalar e heterogeneidades. Os outros quatro são específicos ao âmbito da simulação hidrológica: incertezas nas previsões, universalidade nas equações de escoamento, parâmetros constitutivos, e sensibilidade às condições iniciais. Para concluir, é apresentado como estes aspectos retratam a dialética quali e quantitativa, com ênfase no processo de transformação chuva-vazão e os métodos de abordagem na micro, meso e macro-escala hidrológica.
Hydrologic processes have a different behavior depending on the system scale. The scale of the hydrologic processes can be analyzed based in the following contexts: “Disciplinar-Hystorical-Conceptual” (DHC matrix). Due to the system complexity some elements have to be approached in both qualitative and quantitative manner. In a sequence of three papers, the first presents some qualitative elements: discrete, relativist, dominant, complexity, systemic and transdisciplinary. Also, it is outlined eight quantitative aspects. Four of them are common to several geosciences: observational scale and fluctuation scale, scale hierarchies, scale transition and heterogeneities. The other four are more specific to hydrological modelling: prediction uncertainties, universality of flow equations, constituitive parameters and high sensibility to initial condition. It is outlined how these aspects despict the qualitative-quantitative dialectic above, with emphasis on rainfall-runoff processes as well as the micro-meso and macro-scale methods.
Escala hidrologica
Escala hidrologica
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