The jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights states that all State bodies, within the framework of their competences, must carry out conventionality control. Brazil recognized via Decree no. 4,463/2002 subject to the consultative and contentious jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Based on these assumptions, the article seeks to investigate the historical and legal foundations of the conventionality control technique, a technique that imposes recognition of the privileged hierarchy of human rights treaties.