FROMI the earliest times environmental sanitation has been a basic area of community action in the interest of health. However, in the past decade it has taken on the New Look which is l)eing referred to as environmental health. It represents the collective knowledge of the human race on environmental influences as theyaffect health and well-being. It deals with environmental regulation and control largely through scientific and engineering procedures. The fundamental features of this control are the elimination of the unfavorable environmental contacts and the creation and strengthening of the favorable ones. Environmental sanitation was born before the Roman aqueducts and the Cloaca Maxima. It has been in the forefront of every progressive public health moxement in various parts of the world. During the past half century tremendous strides have been made in the control of the microbiological factors in the environment, resulting in a substantial reduction in morbidity and mortality from communicable disease. Together with better medical diagnosis, treatment and care, improved nutrition, and a higher standard of living, the average life expectancy in the United States has risen to an all-time high of about 70 years. While this has taken place on the one hand, the highly complex, industrial environment in which about 80 per cent of the population of the United States live, work, and play has brought about problems which are both complex and difficult to solve. The technological world man has created bombards us with countless products which combine within our bodies as well as in our environment to cause reactions about which we as yet know almost nothing. With many of the newer contaminants the biological effects are cumulative, over long periods of time. and causeeffect relationships are difficult to establish. This complex new industrial society