
Resumen : El Reglamento Europeo 1924/2006 sobre declaraciones de salud (nutricionales y de propiedades saludables o health claims ) gobierna el uso de estas declaraciones de forma armonizada en toda la Union Europea. Representa el resultado y es, a su vez, el principal elemento generador del cambio cualitativo mas importante en el sector de la alimentacion de las ultimas 4 decadas, el que conecta al consumidor con el binomio alimentacion-salud. Desde incluso antes de su implementacion a principios de 2007, se ha situado en la base de los principales criterios y tendencias que dirigen los nuevos desarrollos en la industria agroalimentaria. En el fondo esta la preocupacion por los principales problemas de salud de las sociedades desarrolladas, la obesidad, diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares y otras enfermedades cronicas de nuestro tiempo que tienen que ver, fundamentalmente con la alimentacion y el sedentarismo, con un enorme coste en terminos de salud y economicos. En 2006 los estados miembros de la UE recogieron y presentaron a la Comision Europea para su evaluacion por EFSA unos 44 mil esloganes de salud en los alimentos existentes en el mercado comunitario, muchos de ellos repetitivos o obviamente descartables y quedaron en 4637; actualmente solo hay unos 260 health claims autorizados. Hoy las propiedades saludables de los alimentos deben haber sido demostradas cientificamente mediante estudios del mas alto nivel de calidad, incluyendo la demostracion de los efectos en humanos. Deben reevaluarse algunas de las previsiones que no ha sido posible materializar tras 10 anos de desarrollo de esta legislacion, periodo en el que todos (legisladores, empresas, consumidores, administracion y cientificos) hemos ido aprendiendo en la aplicacion y descifrado de una normativa que los expertos consideran como una de la mas complejas del ambito Europeo. Problemas pendientes mayusculos son: a) los "perfiles nutricionales": ?cualesquiera alimentos, incluso los mas energeticos, pueden llevar health claims ?); y b) la evaluacion de los extractos de plantas y otros productos 'botanicos' que componen muchos de los complementos alimenticios, un subsector que tambien demanda armonizacion a nivel Europeo. Palabras clave : declaraciones de propiedades saludables; propiedades nutricionales; alimentos funcionales; Reglamento (CE) 1924/2006. Abstract : Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods (“the Regulation”) was adopted in 2006 to govern the use of health claims in the labelling, presentation and advertising of foods in the European Union. It represents the result and is, in turn, the principal generating element of the most important qualitative change in the food sector of last 4 decades. The Regulation connects the consumer with the binomial food-health. It conforms the basis for the main criteria and tendencies directing strategic developments in the agro-food sector. The main health problems in the developed societies are those related with obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and other chronic disorders, closely related with food and sedentary life with an enormous cost in terms of health and economy. In 2006 about 44000 slogans were gathered by the EU member states from their markets and presented to the European Commission for evaluation by EFSA. After filtering repetitions and obvious cases, 4636 were set for evaluation. Currently only 260 health claims are authorized. The change is that nowadays to allow a health claim its effects have to be demonstrated (substantiated by robust high quality scientific studies), including the demonstration of the effects in humans. All stakeholders (legislators, companies, consumers, administration and scientists) have been learning during these 9 years of the implementation and developments of the Regulation, which is considered one of the more complex piece of legislation ever adopted in the EU. Pending issues are: a) nutritional profiles: any food, even the most energetics, should be allowed to bear health claims?); and b) the current rules concerning health claims on botanicals. Key words: health claims; nutritional properties; functional foods; Regulation (EC) 1924/2006. doi: h ttp://dx.doi.org/10.20318/recs.2016.3120
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