Superficially, bone seems to be a static part of the human body. In reality, bone tissue constantly adapts itself to an ever changing mechanical environment. This work explores mathematical models approximating the complex biological processes that provide bone with its unique regenerative capabilities. We apply numerical simulations implementing these conceptual models to both classical fracture healing as well as distraction osteogenesis, a surgical procedure for stimulating bone regeneration. The predictions of the numerical simulations allow for a deep discussion of the role of mechanotransduction in bone healing in general and distraction osteogenesis in particular.