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https://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16...
Doctoral thesis . 2010
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A structural and functional study of the second periplasmic loop P2 of MalF in the maltose transporter of Escherichia coli

Authors: Jacso, Tomas;

A structural and functional study of the second periplasmic loop P2 of MalF in the maltose transporter of Escherichia coli

Abstract

ABC (ATP-binding-cassette)-Transporter katalysieren den ATP-abhängigen Transport diverser niedermolekularer Substanzen durch die biologische Zellmembran. Ihr Vorkommen erstreckt sich auf alle drei Domänen des Lebens. Der Maltose Transporter von E.coli gehört zu dieser Superfamilie der ABC-Transporter. Die Kristallstrukturen des Transporters MalFGK2 wurden kürzlich gelöst für dessen inaktiven Zustand als auch für dessen katalytischen Zwischenzustand. Um den Transportmechanismus besser verstehen zu können, müssen die Kristallstrukturen des Transporters und seiner Komponenten unter physiologischen Bedingungen genau geprüft werden, um den daraus katalytischen Mechanismus zu bewerten. Im rahmen der Dissertation konnte mittels Lösungs-NMR kann gezeigt werden, dass die periplasmatische Schleife P2 von MalF eine unabhängige Faltung aufweist und eine wohl definierte Tertiärstruktur einnimmt, die vergleichbar ist mit der im Kristall vorliegenden Konformation. MalF-P2 interagiert unabhängig von der Transmembranregion von MalF und MalG mit dem Maltose-Bindeprotein in An- und Abwesenheit des Substrats mit einem KD im mikromolaren Bereich. NMR Untersuchungen zu den an der Interaktion beteiligten Aminosäuren stehen in Einklang mit den Kristallstrukturdaten. Die Analyse residualer dipolarer Kopplungen (RDC) zeigt, dass die Konformation der zwei individuellen Domänen von MalF-P2 in Abwesenheit von MalE erhalten bleibt und der im Kristall ähnelt. Die Zugabe von MalE induziert eine Änderung der relativen Orientierung der zwei Domänen von MalF-P2 um so dem räumlichen Anspruch des Liganden gerecht zu werden. Besonders betroffen hiervon ist die Domäne 2 von MalF-P2, deren Konformation abweicht von der in der Kristallstruktur. Die Struktur der Domäne 1 dagegen bleibt konserviert, während sich lediglich ihre relative Orientierung zu Domäne 2 ändert. MD Simulationen des MalF-P2-MalE-Komplexes deuten auf eine stark dynamische Interaktion von MalF-P2 mit der MalE Bindungsregion hin. NMR CPMG Kinetikstudien weisen auf die Bildung eines ungewöhnlichen Knicks in alhpa-Helix alpha2 während der Assoziation hin. Diese konformelle Änderung der alpha-Helix findet auf einer Zeitskala von Millisekunden statt, was im Einklang mit der Austauschrate der Komplexbildung ist.

ABC (ATP-binding-cassette)-transporters catalyze the ATP-dependent transport of diverse solutes across the cellular membrane. They are present in all three kingdoms of life. The E.coli maltose transporter belongs to the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. Recently, the crystal structures of the full transporter MalFGK2 in its resting and a catalytic intermediate state was solved. At the present state of research, it is of particular interest to scrutinize the X-ray structures of the transporter and its components under physiological conditions as well as to evaluate their implications for the catalytic mechanism. In the context of the PhD thesis, it could be shown using solution-state NMR that the periplasmic loop P2 of MalF folds independently in solution and adopts a well-defined tertiary structure, which is similar to the one found in the crystal structure. MalF-P2 interacts with the maltose binding protein, independent of the transmembrane region of MalF and MalG, with a KD in the µM range, in the presence and absence of substrate. NMR studies showed good agreement of the residues interacting in solution to those identified in the X-ray structure. Analysis of residual dipolar coupling (RDC) experiments shows that the conformation of the two individual domains of MalF-P2 is preserved in the absence of MalE, and resembles the conformation in the X-ray structure. Upon titration of MalE to MalF-P2, the two domains of MalF-P2 change their relative orientation in order to accommodate the ligand. In particular, a conformational change of domain 2 of MalF-P2 is induced, which is distinct to the conformation found in the X-ray structure. Domain 1 retains its structure but changes its relative orientation to domain 2. MD simulations of the MalF-P2 – MalE complex show a highly dynamic interaction of MalF-P2 to the MalE interface. From NMR CPMG kinetic studies, a peculiar kink of alpha-helix alpha2 can be seen introduced upon association. The transition time of this conformational change of the alpha-helix is on the ms timescale, which is matching the exchange rate of the complex formation.

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Germany
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Keywords

ABC Transporter, membran Protein, Maltose transporter, 32 Biologie, solution-state NMR, 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie, 570 Biologie, membrane protein, ddc:570, ABC transporter, Lösungs-NMR, Maltose Transporter, WE 5440

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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