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İbnü'l-Cevzî ve Birgivî'nin Tasavvuf Eleştirisi

Authors: SOĞUKOĞLU, Fehmi;

İbnü'l-Cevzî ve Birgivî'nin Tasavvuf Eleştirisi

Abstract

Imam Birgivi was one of the ulama Islamic scholars of the Hijri 10th century in which Sufism was institutionally at the peak. Birgivi, who grew up in a sufistic environment, had the opportunity to get to know the sufistic structures of his era. It can be seen that, Birgivi, who has detailed knowledge about Sufism, does not reject Sufism as a whole. Even though he is not a Sufi, the statement of Birgivi that, there should be four conditions for the acceptance of moral knowledge and one of these conditions is “Asking to Murshid-I Kamil Competent Guide in Sufism ”, reveals that he is influenced by Sufism. Nevertheless, during his era, Birgivi opposed the religious practices under the name of Sufism that he considered inauthentic. Imam Birgivi does not directly target Sufism in his criticisms. For example, he states that Dhikr is legitimate. He also states that moving in Dhikr can be considered as mustahabb. However, he criticizes incorrect pronunciation of the wordings such as names of Allah during the Dhikr. While he is criticizing the esoteric issues in Sufism, he does not claim that Sufism includes esoteric issues, but he rather criticizes the esoteric thoughts, which abandon the apparent Sharia. Imam Birgivi’s criticisms are not sui generis, but are the issues raised by many scholars throughout the history. For instance, Ibn al-Jawzi is one of the prominent figures among them. In this context, the comparison of Birgivi and Ibn al-Jawzi will provide information about the background of Birgivi’s criticisms.Abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract Abstract abstract

İmam Birgivî, Tasavvufun kurumsal anlamda zirve olduğu hicrî onuncu yüzyıl ulemasındandır. Tasavvufî bir ortamda yetişen Birgivî, dönemindeki tasavvufî yapıları yakından tanıma imkânı bulmuştur. Tasavvuf hakkında detaylı bilgisi bulunan Birgivî’nin Tasavvufu bir bütün olarak reddetmediği görülmektedir. Manevî bilginin kabulü için dört şart olması gerektiğini belirten Birgivî’nin bu şartlar arasında “Mürşid-i Kâmil’e arz”ı da zikretmesi onun sûfî olmasa da tasavvuftan etkilenmiş bir şahsiyet olduğunu ortaya koyar niteliktedir. Bununla birlikte dönemindeki tasavvuf adı altındaki dinin aslına uygun olmadığını düşündüğü uygulamalara karşı çıkmıştır. İmam Birgivî, yapmış olduğu eleştirilerde tasavvufun doğrudan hedef almamaktadır. Sözgelimi zikretmenin meşru olduğunu dile getirir. Yine zikir esnasında hareket etmenin müstehap olarak değerlendirilebileceğini kabul eder. Bununla birlikte zikirde lafızların doğru çıkarılmamasını eleştirmektedir. Tasavvuftaki batınî hususları eleştirirken, tasavvufun batınî unsurlar içermesinden ziyade, şeriatın zahirini terk eden batınî düşünceyi tenkit eder. İmam Birgivî’nin yapmış olduğu tenkitler kendisine özgü olmayıp tarihsel süreçte birçok âlim tarafından dile getirilmiş hususlardır. İbnü’l-Cevzî de bunlar arasında ön plana çıkan şahsiyetlerdendir. Bu bağlamda Birgivî-İbnü’l-Cevzî karşılaştırması, Birgivî’nin eleştirilerinin arka planı hakkında bilgi sunacaktır

Keywords

İmam Birgivi;İbnü’l-Cevzî;Tasavvuf;Tenkit, Imam Birgivi;Ibn al-Jawzi;Sufism;criticism

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
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