Preterm birth remains a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity in preterm infants and leads to significant annual health care costs. A special role in preventing premature birth belongs to tocolytic therapy, which allows for prolonging pregnancy and avoiding various complications. However, questions arise about the efficacy and safety of this therapy, which can be manifested by various isolated and combined side effects. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness and complications of tocolytic therapy. We analyzed the literature on eLibrary, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, ScienceDirect, etc.