
Digital transformation requires firms to reassess their competence bases, yet the literature offers limited guidance on which competencies are essential for non-IT employees to effectively navigate digital transformation or how such competencies should be developed and utilized within the organization. In this paper, we conducted a case study of a large Norwegian grid company, GridCo. We observed how digital transformation led to new competency requirements among their employees related to technology, data, and work practices. Drawing on key concepts from the knowledge-based view of the firm, we analyze how GridCo obtained and leveraged digital transformation competencies and further discuss competence renewal on a more general level. Our findings offer insights into critical competencies for digital transformation and suggest four organizational capabilities to manage these competencies effectively. This research contributes to both academic and practical understanding of employee competencies as pivotal elements in successful digital transformation.
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