This article aims, on the one hand, to promote scientific reflection on the cultural heritage linked to water, both tangible and intangible, and, on the other hand, to show the value that water has had and still has in the development of society. To this end, different approaches are presented through ten contributions that show the results of research that have set as the object of analysis: the patrimonialisation of water and the elements linked to it by communities, hydraulic artefacts and their influence both in the rural landscape and in the most cultured architectures, irrigation systems, public works infrastructures, cultural landscapes and hydraulic and industrial heritage, in use and disuse, in Spain, Portugal, Mexico, Colombia and Chile from the points of view of different disciplines.