The new wars associated with the third level, that is, with weak States immersed in armed conflicts, constitute a unique breeding ground for human traffickers, terrorist and criminals verbigracy, whose simplest objective are minors. The need to combine the fight against impunity of the perpetrators of this abominable human mercantilism and the need to protect victims (particularly children) in sudden-onset emergency environments justifies considering trafficking in persons from a human rights-based approach, especially within the framework of the State obligation of prevention, the genesis which is rooted in the due diligence required of a State in its territory, as well as the unfinished responsibility to protect in the context of atrocity crimes that may result in certain violations of human rights committed in the context of trafficking.