Aristotle’s metaphysics, ethics and psychology can help to interpret pedagogy from a “scientific” point of view. Naturally, it is not a question of considering the science of education as a natural science born during modernity; the main difference is that the object of pedagogy is actually a subject, i.e. the human being, notably the free human. That is why an ancient thinker like Aristotle can promote pedagogy through theoretical reflection. In fact Aristotle clearly indicates human goals which even nowadays can guide human education and action.