Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin®), introduced into clinical usage in 1952 as an antirheumatic agent in gout, rheumatoid arthritis and other periarticular diseases, has gained widespread usage among adults, and a report of its accidental ingestion by a 2-year-old infant may therefore be of interest. On March 8, 1955, during a period of parental strife, a 24-month-old female infant was left alone at home with a 39-month-old sibling. At 9:30 A.M. she was discovered to have ingested 2 or 3 tablets of aspirin and phenacetin, and a small bottle of cough syrup, containing no potentially toxic or systemically active ingredients.