Literary data on the organization of the genome, the connection of genes with the production and regulation of solvents, and the metabolic engineering of solventogenic clostridia are presented. The transition from the phase of the formation of acids to the phase of the formation of alcohols and the relationship of the latter with sporogenesis are analyzed. The main key genes (ak, pta, buk, ptb, thl, crt, bcd, BdhAB, ctfAB, adc, rub, Spo0A, adhE, hdb) that affect their course have been identified. The possibility of improving strains by genetic manipulations (inactivation of genes, entering of genes of other microorganisms, etc.) is shown. The effect of gene inactivation on solvent production is shown. An analysis of methods for increasing the accumulation of butanol showed the need to create effective recombinant producer strains for butanol supra synthesis using renewable raw materials.