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Problemos
Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Problemos
Article
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Problemos
Article . 2008
Data sources: DOAJ
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POZITYVIZMAS IR MARKSIZMAS

Authors: Evaldas Nekrašas;

POZITYVIZMAS IR MARKSIZMAS

Abstract

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama pozityvizmo ir marksizmo santykio problema. Siekiama išryškinti jų ištakas, sąveiką, panašumus ir skirtumus, parodyti, kad klasikinis marksizmas nėra toks tolimas klasikiniam pozityvizmui, kaip paprastai manoma. XIX amžiuje abi filosofijos kryptys laikėsi scientistinių ir progresyvistinių nuostatų, kurios visų pirma ir lėmė jų pažiūrų kitais klausimais artumą. Tačiau XX amžiuje susiformavus loginiam pozityvizmui ir neomarksistinei kritinei teorijai, šių krypčių metodologinės pozicijos ėmė vis labiau tolti. Straipsnyje aptariama komplikuota Vienos ratelio ir Frankfurto mokyklos santykių istorija ir vadinamasis ginčas dėl pozityvizmo (Positivismusstreit). Analizė baigiama išvada, kad daugelį skirtumų tarp pozityvizmo ir marksizmo lemia jų skirtingas požiūris į patyrimą. Svarbiausi nagrinėjami autoriai: Auguste’as Comte’as, Karlas Marxas, Vladimiras Leninas, Otto Neurathas, Maxas Horkheimeris, Herbertas Marcuse, Jürgenas Habermasas. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: klasikinis pozityvizmas, klasikinis marksizmas, loginis pozityvizmas, kritinė teorija.Positivism and MarxismEvaldas Nekrašas Summary The author analyses the relation between positivism and Marxism. He seeks to expose their common sources and interaction, similarities and differences and to demonstrate that, contrary to the common opinion, classical Marxism and classical positivism are not so much disparate. In the 19th century both philosophies shared scientistic and progressivist views, and this accounts for their many other resemblances. Yet in the 20th century, when classical positivism was replaced by logical positivism and the Neomarxist critical theory emerged, methodological orientations of both movements started to diverge more and more. The article explores the complicated history of relations between the Vienna Circle and the Frankfurt School and inquires into the Positivismusstreit. It ends with the conclusion that the majority of differences between positivism and Marxism stem from their different notions of experience. The author deals mainly with the views of Auguste Comte, Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, Otto Neurath, Max Horkheimer, Herbert Marcuse, and Jürgen Habermas. Keywords: classical positivism, classical Marxism, logical positivism, critical theory.

Keywords

B1-5802, Philosophy (General)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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