This issue of JERHRE introduces the concept of hidden ethics—empirical data relevant to ethical problem-solving that does not appear in the ethics literature and is difficult to access. Three related research agendas are suggested concerning methods of finding this literature, scope of inquiry, and synthesis of new knowledge about ethical problem-solving. This issue also introduces the complexities and uncertainties that face persons when deciding whether to participate in Phase 1 and Phase 2 trials. Finally, it introduces a rigorous statistical approach to determining whether an incentive can be large enough to influence subjects to take risks they ordinarily would not take, and thus sets as a research agenda the further exploration of the generalizability of this method and the current findings.