The utility of fractography can be greatly increased if the technique can be applied on a broader basis to provide unambiguous interpretation of fracture surface morphology (and thereby, identification of the fracture mode) resulting from specific environmental exposure of stressed metals and alloys. This paper reviews the present status of electron fractography in this area of expanded application. High-strength steels, martensitic and austenitic alloys, and titanium and zirconium alloys are considered with respect to the effects chemical environment, including high energy irradiation, induces in the fracture characteristics of the alloys.