ABSTRACT To improve the lubrication performance of friction pairs to the greatest extent and obtain the best microtexture, a new compound microtexture with multiple shapes is proposed, and the influence of compound texture arrangement on the lubrication performance of friction pairs is studied. Based on the Reynolds equation, a numerical calculation model of compound microtexture friction pairs under the condition of hydrodynamic lubrication is established, and equations are solved using the finite difference method. Considering the influence of surrounding texture and cavitation effect, the influence of compound texture arrangement and shape on the lubrication performance of friction pair is studied. The results show that compared with the single microtexture, the compound texture with two different shapes can influence each other during the lubrication process, which can better improve the average pressure in the microtexture region, reduce the friction coefficient, and obtain the stronger hydrodynamic effect and better lubrication performance. The circumferential parallel arrangement of compound microtexture can produce the stronger hydrodynamic effect and improve the performance of the friction pair.