Contemporary Russia is going through the most severe demographic crisis in her history. The situation is particularly adverse in the Kaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Federation, which borders Poland. Since 2007, its authorities have been implementing a special program to repatriate Russians from abroad. Up to 2012, 19,000 Russian settlers came to the Oblast, while the authorities had expected over 300,000 individuals. The reasons are deemed to be the relatively low earnings in the Oblast and its being an exclave.