An analysis of various types of dental cements from the standpoint of minimiz­ ing patient discomfort indicates that zinc oxide-eugenol cement is decidedly su­ perior. Although the solubility of this cement is low and its initial*adaptation to the cavity walls unusually good, its low strength and lack of resistance to abra­ sion confine its use to restorations not involving high stress or attrition. Al­ though silicate or silico-phosphate ce­ ments are superior to zinc phosphate in terms of strength, solubility and the anticariogenic effect from the fluoride pres­ ent, greater acidity and inferior handling characteristics limit their use. Use of a cavity varnish with ,zinc phosphate ce­ ment may minimize subsequent pulpal injury and discomfort.