Recalling Pietro Stella's references to the thought of Ouato (320-397 a. V), an acient well known bisbop of Milevi; oft en mentioned by the Jansenist literature of the 16th and 17th century, it is supposed that Caoour'sfamous saying "Free Church in afree State" doesn't come either from Vine! (Rulfim) or Montalambert (Passerin d'Entreoes), but from tbe early 19th century [ansenist tradition to which the two ecclesiastic who bad "looked alter" Couour's motber's conuersion [rom Calvinism to Catbolicism belonged (Giuseppe Boyer and Carlo Tardi) and tbat, moreouer. had Francesco of Sales, Camillo's paternal grandmotber's ancestor. as "Cbosen Saint". Such a tradition had embraced and passed on Ottato's saying "Respublica non in Ecclesia, sed Ecclesia in Republica est", assimilated within bis family by Cavour who made in the summary of bis own concept about the relationship betuieen secular and religious society.